The Roots of Illiteracy: A Media-Local Approach to Engaging the Illiterate in Literacy Courses*

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Educational Sciences, Counseling and Guidance, Faculty of Humanities, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran

2 Department of Physical Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to identify the roots of illiteracy and factors affecting adult participation in literacy courses.
Methodology: The research was conducted using a mixed-method approch. Qualitative data were collected from 30 interviews and quantitative data from 477 questionnaires in North Khorasan Province. Data analysis was performed using descriptive, inferential statistics, factor analysis, and structural equation modeling.
Results: Economic, family, individual, educational, cultural, and social factors were identified as the root causes of illiteracy. Analyses showed that cultural, social, and religious media factors had the highest correlation with enrollment in courses. These channels were especially effective in rural areas and among women. Entertaining messages for rural residents and analytical programs for urban residents were more effective. Digital media alone was insufficient; it was only effective when combined with face-to-face interventions and support from local leaders.
Conclusion: Media planning for literacy should be based on eradicating the roots of illiteracy, as well as designing a local message, targeting specific demographics, and combining it with face-to-face interventions.

Keywords

New Approaches in Educational Management
Volume 1, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
Autumn
December 2025
Pages 46-60

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